April 2025 – Sleep and Chronobiology

Supplements that Enhance Deep (Slow-Wave) Sleep and REM Sleep

Deep (slow-wave) sleep (SWS) and REM sleep are critical for recovery, memory and metabolic health. Certain supplements and compounds can selectively increase these stages. Below we review key agents with…

by jakejb April 30, 2025May 23, 2025

sleep supplements

Glycine and Sleep: A Deep Dive

Mechanisms of Glycine in Sleep Thermoregulation via SCN: Glycine promotes sleep partly by lowering core body temperature through peripheral vasodilation. Research in rats showed that oral glycine triggered non-REM sleep…

by jakejb April 26, 2025April 26, 2025

pharmacology sleep

Non-Prescription Orexin Receptor Antagonists and Suppressors

Introduction Orexin-A and orexin-B (also called hypocretins) are neuropeptides that promote wakefulness, arousal, and appetite by acting on orexin-1 (OX1R) and orexin-2 (OX2R) receptors in the brain (SB-334867 – Wikipedia).…

by jakejb April 26, 2025April 26, 2025

chronobiology pharmacology sleep

Trazodone’s Effects on Circadian Rhythms and Sleep

Clinical Findings: Sleep Architecture and Circadian Parameters Table: Selected Studies on Trazodone’s Effects on Sleep & Circadian Rhythms Study (Population) Design (Dose & Duration) Key Outcomes Nakamura et al. 2002…

by jakejb April 26, 2025April 26, 2025

chronobiology pharmacology sleep

Pharmacological Approaches to Phase-Advance Sleep and Stabilize Circadian Rhythm

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders like Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD) involve a misalignment of the internal clock with desired sleep times. Pharmacological agents can help advance the sleep phase (shift…

by jakejb April 26, 2025April 26, 2025

pharmacology sleep

Classes of Hypnotic Medications: Past, Present, and Future

Insomnia medications (“sleeping pills”) can be categorized by mechanism of action into distinct classes. Below we outline all known classes of hypnotics – including those historically used (past), currently prescribed…

by jakejb April 26, 2025April 26, 2025